That is not possible, unless they ARE connected. You could simply add another surface layer after the last to the planet and add some no color stones or fractals (not to big), and line that into the planet, but only the last surface shader before the added one to the cube, if you get what I mean.
If I have a cube and a planet with kind of the same shaders, but I don't want the main terrain to work on the cube, I simply add all detailed shaders as a child to a surface shader, so I can line that child series directly into the cube, and the whole line into the planet.