The cloud density was set to 5 on the images above and you can see that some of the clouds are in front of the sun but majority still don't cover it. I thought about raising the density even more but the problem with that is the other clouds just turn into black blobs as can be seen below. Maybe turning on GI, but only in the atmosphere would do the job.
I think with enough experimenting the clouds thing can be sorted but ultimately sunsets/rises won't look very good without using some kind of post processing to increase the brightness and blooming. When I get chance i'll download cinepaint as efflux suggested to see if I can turn the disc into a bright sun but i'm hoping that TG2 will get the ability to render good looking sun at low altitudes in the future without the need for 3rd party software.