I think apart from geometry it indeed boils down a lot to shading. Apart from translucency another effect you often have is a different upper and lower side and also very important hairs. On some leaves they are barely noticable, but they give the real leaves some sort of fuzzy glow, especially around edges.
Of course you also have to keep in mind if you need it for closeups or for mass population, in mass populations we would need to simulate other effects (large scale color variations, "deformations" caused by terrainshape and so on.)