Ah, Jochen, you're smart. 
But you have to be careful if you do this; I occasionally change an object, save it under the same name, but when opening an older file that has this object, it loads the old one. I guess it depends on the settings you saved with the old one. 
Then I have to go into the population and import 'the same' tgo again, replace, and then it has the right shaders.