I would look at it the other way around. If you have USB you don't need Line In/3.5mm. Your sound card appears to be pretty standard onboard audio for a motherboard, which does *not* have a good line-in amp or other audio handling hardware. It's designed to be cheap and "good enough". The beauty of USB input is you can avoid issues like line noise and amp noise on your (very electronically "noisy") motherboard. And USB inputs work just fine in Audacity and any other normal audio recording app.
Given your budget I would not worry about pre-amps or any of that (again, you don't need them with USB). An integrated, USB-based solution is almost certainly going to give you the best price/performance ratio, and as I mentioned the Blue series (particularly the "Yeti" and "Yeti Nano") are widely used and well regarded. They're about as low as you'd want to go on the price spectrum if audio quality is a concern for you, but they *will* get you good quality.
Honestly if getting good, clean audio is your goal, I would worry as much or more about your recording *environment* as your mic. Echo-ey rooms, or ones with equipment making noise, or even ones that are for example on the outside wall of a house and you have a lot of exterior noise coming in. And if you're recording to a computer, the computer itself can often be a big enough source of noise to be a problem (e.g. a low hum from fans), depending on what you want to do with the resulting audio. For example if you need to amplify the audio later in editing, you'll be amplifying noise too (there are lots of ways to deal with these issues, but there's no real substitute for a low noise recording environment!). Serious podcasters, etc. either use pro studios, or at least have a dedicated space they've setup in their homes that has *some* noise shielding, whether it's as simple as blankets they hang over the walls and other hard surfaces to dampen reflections, or something more involved like getting dedicated noise dampening foam.
All that may sound like overkill, but my point is that getting a good recording of the audio being produced is only half of the battle. The other half is producing audio that is clean and in a clean/low noise environment, because any good mic will pick up everything in the space, whether intended sound or unintended background noise.
- Oshyan