The problem with current terrain rendering is that it is based on 2d methods such as heightfeilds even procedurals both of which are based on 2D noise, but for how much longer are we going to use these methods are there no 3D noise types out there, no way to generate 3D fractals? Indeed what lies beyond where we are right now the future of terrain rendering and is there a strong mathematical basis for it?
My concern is that terrain rendering may get left behind when it come to pure research but more fundamentally then this is how much control will be in the hands of the user and would you be able to convince a geologist or other such educated and knowledgeable person that what they are looking at is a convincing representation of nature without them shacking their heads or rubbing their chins and thinking that some thing is not right?
Power is nothing without the ability to control it and this is the crux of the point and future of terrain generation is going to have to get use to the fact that users demand control over that which they create. Node based interfaces are the best route for now, but they may them selves be replaced with better interfaces methodologies that are yet to be devised, however human factors (Human-Computer Interaction) is likely to play an ever increasing in this and all software can use the benefits of research conducted in the Aerospace and Defense industries centering on information and workload reduction.
To this end heightfeilds and procedurals and there replacements should be seen as basic building blocks around which a set of powerful 3d sculpting tools should be built that allow hard or impossible terrain features to be created: with these users could theoretically move maintains in the literal sense of the meaning.
A search of Goggle provides no immediate answers to the above questions but then it dose not support natural language search at this time, or maybe I am just not entering the right search queries: either way its getting to the stage where computers and related subjects are getting to be no fun any more and that worries me.
Sorry if this is going off on a wide tangent.
Regards to you.
Cyber-Angel