Essentially the very nature of what you're talking about here suggests the use (and discussion) of various HDR processing and/or tonemapping applications. Fortunately in recent years digital photography has started to embrace higher dynamic range imagery to varying degrees, so we have an increasing number of tools, some dedicated to tone mapping tasks, others with such features simply integrated into an overall image editing system. Examples include Photoshop and Photoshop Lightroom, HDR Efex and Photomatix, etc. So I would look at some of the software the photographic industry is using (Lightzone being an example, unfortunately now defunct). You could also quite sensibly look to the film industry, however their tools tend to be much more expensive and often complicated, designed much more for dealing with such changes in motion, over many frames (e.g. compositors), so they're less applicable to the typical user here I think.
- Oshyan